{"id":6,"date":"2013-01-31T12:00:27","date_gmt":"2013-01-31T12:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nofl.biz\/blog\/?p=1"},"modified":"2013-01-31T12:00:27","modified_gmt":"2013-01-31T12:00:27","slug":"hello-world-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/2013\/01\/31\/hello-world-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Raspberry Pi – Setting up driver\/module development environment"},"content":{"rendered":"
Abstract: This post gives the steps required to set up a cross-compiling development environment for Raspberry Pi<\/a>.<\/div>\n
The base platform is a Linux computer (examples are given for a SuSE 12.2 installation running as a virtual computer on\u00a0SuSE 12.2 using KVM as the hypervisor).<\/div>\n
    \n
  1. Installing some prerequisites:\n
      \n
    1. git (use to access the source code repositories)
      \nOn SuSE, use YaST<\/code> to install if it’s not already there
      \nOn Debian, use apt-get git<\/code> to install<\/li>\n
    2. Create your base directory: we will use ~\/Projects<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
    3. Installing a cross-compiler:\n
        \n
      1. Download and compile the latest crosstool-ng from crosstool-ng.org (you will need to be root for the final make install<\/code>)
        \nwget crosstool-ng.org\/download\/crosstool-ng\/crosstool-ng-1.17.0.tar.bz2
        \ntar -xvz crosstool-ng-1.17.0.tar.bz2
        \ncd crosstool-ng-1.17.0
        \n.\/configure
        \nmake
        \nmake install<\/code><\/li>\n
      2. Configure a cross compiler
        \nmkdir ~\/Projects\/souce\/ccc;cd ~\/Projects\/souce\/ccc
        \nct-ng menuconfig<\/code>
        \nThe cross compiler configuration requires the following settings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        Section<\/td>\nSetting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Paths and misc<\/td>\n[x] Try features marked as EXPERIMENTAL)
        \n(\/tools\/x-tools\/${CT_TARGET}) Prefix directory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Target options<\/td>\nTarget Architecture (arm)
        \nEndianness: (Little endian)
        \nBitness: (32-bit)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Operating System<\/td>\nTarget OS (linux)
        \nLinux kernel version (3.?.?) – use the correct value!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Binary utilities<\/td>\nbinutils version: choose the latest not marked EXPERIMENTAL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        C Compiler<\/td>\n[x] Show Linaro vesions (EXPERIMENTAL)
        \ngcc version – choose one of the Lenaro versions: 4.6-2-12.04 does work<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        Exit from ct-ng menu configuration.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
      3. Build a cross-compiler.\n
        As root (or with sudo prefix):
        \nct-ng buid<\/code><\/div>\n
        Note: if build fails with a message about Static linking impossible, edit the .config file and change CT_WANTS_STATIC_LINKING=n and try again.
        \nThe compiler will be in \/tools\/x-tools\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi
        \nThe build takes quite a while… (42 minutes on a single core of i5-2500 at 3.3GHz)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
      4. Installing the Linux Kernel Sources (which are required for compiling modules and drivers):\n
          \n
        1. Create a source directory ~\/Projects\/source an running the following commands from that directory:<\/li>\n
        2. git clone git:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/linux.git<\/code><\/li>\n
        3. git clone git:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/firmware.git<\/code><\/li>\n
        4. git clone git:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/tools.git<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          You will now have three directories under ~\/Projects\/source: linux, firmware and tools.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
        5. Set\u00a0the right version of the Linux Kernel – which needs to be the same version you are using on the RaspberryPi.
          \nYou can find the version RaspberryPi is running using the command:<\/p>\n
          raspberrypi:~> uname -sr\nLinux 3.2.27+<\/pre>\n
          You can see the available\u00a0versions of the Linux kernel by:<\/div>\n
          rpidev:~> cd ~\/Projects\/source\/linux\nrpidev:linux> git branch -r\n  origin\/HEAD -> origin\/rpi-3.6.y\n  origin\/master\n  origin\/rpi-3.2.27\n  origin\/rpi-3.6.y\n  origin\/rpi-patches<\/pre>\n
          You can set the version to rpi-3.2.27\u00a0using:
          \ngit checkout rpi-3.2.27<\/code><\/div>\n
            \n
          • ARM System Type=Broadcom BCM2708 family<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              <\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
              When changing the kernel version, you need to initialize it. This process will remove the .config file, so it’s a good idea to keep a copy in (eg) ..\/linux.config
              \nmake mrproper<\/code><\/div>\n
              \n
              To set the configuration, use one or more of the following<\/div>\n
                \n
              • Copy from your backup: cp ..\/linux.config .config<\/code><\/li>\n
              • Get it from the Raspberry Pi ssh root@rpi zcat \/proc\/config > .config<\/code><\/li>\n
              • Check the configuration:  make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=\/tools\/x-tools\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi\/bin\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi- oldconfig<\/code>
                \nThis will prompt you to confirm any new options – use the default except for:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
              • Edit the configuration:  make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=\/tools\/x-tools\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi\/bin\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi- menuconfig<\/code>
                \nSome areas you might want to configure (especially if you’re planning to use this kernel on the device):<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • Floating Point emulation: you need one emulation set<\/li>\n
                • Networking support (enable for more, disable for smaller)<\/li>\n
                • Device drivers (enable for more, disable for smaller)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                  You can check the version your source code tree is at using:
                  \nmake kernelversion<\/code><\/div>\n
                • Build the kernel using: (-j2 means use 2 core in parallel)
                  \nmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=\/tools\/x-tools\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi\/bin\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi- -j2<\/code><\/li>\n
                • To compile my_module, use the following makefile:
                  \nobj-m:=mymodule.o<\/code>
                  \nAnd compile with:
                  \nmake ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=\/tools\/x-tools\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi\/bin\/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi- -C ~\/Projects\/source\/linux SUBDIRS=`pwd` modules\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                  Abstract: This post gives the steps required to set up a cross-compiling development environment for Raspberry Pi. The base platform is a Linux computer (examples are given for a SuSE 12.2 installation running as a virtual computer on\u00a0SuSE 12.2 using KVM as the hypervisor). Installing some prerequisites: git (use to access the source code repositories) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-raspberry-pi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/beneford.com\/Blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}